
In earlier articles, we talked about three statistical indicators for process capability: Cp, Ck, and Cpk. But some people may still feel unclear about what these really mean. Let’s use normal distribution charts to explain them in a simpler way.

In earlier articles, we talked about three statistical indicators for process capability: Cp, Ck, and Cpk. But some people may still feel unclear about what these really mean. Let’s use normal distribution charts to explain them in a simpler way.

Workingbear has always wanted to write an article about “Quality Engineers,” because in most factories, quality engineers, product/process engineers, and test engineers are often called the “three major engineering departments” in manufacturing. Of course, there are also production, machine maintenance, and other departments in the factory.
However, since Workingbear has never officially worked in quality control, some of the opinions here may be biased or influenced by personal preference. Different viewpoints are welcome in the comments, but no name-calling, please.

Here, the “Testing Engineer” we’re talking about is the one in a manufacturing plant responsible for product testing. We usually refer to the R&D engineers responsible for testing as EEs (Electronic Engineer). This role, along with the “Process/Product Engineer” we mentioned earlier, is one of the must-have positions in a factory. Another key role is the “Quality Engineer.” Together, they form what’s often called the “iron triangle” of a factory’s engineering department.

At first glance, Electromigration (EM) and Electrochemical Migration (ECM) might seem alike. In both cases, metal atoms or ions move from a high-voltage area to a low-voltage area, and both can lead to dendrite growth. But they’re actually very different at their core.

Process Capability refers to how well a process can produce quality products once it becomes stable. In real production, many variable factors can cause the process to fluctuate. By applying statistical methods, we can better understand how the process is performing and even use this data early on to improve product development.
Process Capability Analysis means measuring and analyzing these variables to understand how they relate to product requirements and specifications. It helps identify which variables have the biggest impact on quality and which ones we need to control or eliminate.