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Author Archives: WorkingBear
Sep12
What Are Hard Gold, Soft Gold, Plated Gold, ENIG, and Flash Gold in PCBs?
In the electronics industry, “gold” is often used on the surface of products. But do you know what hard gold, soft gold, electroplated gold, ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold), and flash gold are in printed circuit boards? What are the … Continue reading
Sep05
Using 2D X-Ray to Diagnose BGA Solder Void Issues
This is an X-ray inspection image of an MCU’s BGA soldering that failed after reflow. The owner mentioned that the BGA package was not functioning, but when pressing on the MCU, it would temporarily work again. Since Workingbear didn’t have … Continue reading
Aug29
How to Use 2D X-Ray to Identify BGA Issues like Non-Wetting, Cold Solder, and HIP or NWO
If you’re an SMT engineer, you’ve probably used an X-Ray inspection machine to check the soldering quality of BGAs. But, after looking at the BGA solder balls repeatedly, they all seem to look the same. So, how can you tell … Continue reading
Aug22
What is ENIG Surface Finished for Circuit Boards? What Are Its Advantages and Disadvantages?
ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold), also known as immersion gold (Au), chemical Ni/Au, or soft gold, is a type of surface finished for printed circuit boards (PCBs). It is widely used in the assembly of mobile phone circuit boards and … Continue reading
Aug15
Causes of Poor Solderability on HASL Finished PCBs (Data Collection and Analysis)
Workingbear personally doesn’t recommend using HASL (Hot Air Solder Leveling) surface-finished PCBs in today’s SMT reflow processes, especially for double-sided reflow or fine-pitch components located on 2nd side. The defect rate of soldering with HASL is quite high and hard … Continue reading
